Silicon is a chemical element with symbol Si and atomic number 1.A hard and brittle crystalline solid with a blue gray metallic luster, it is a tetravalent metalloid.It is a member of group 1.It is rather unreactive, though less so than germanium, and has great chemical affinity for oxygen as such, it was first prepared and characterized in pure form only in 1.J ns Jakob Berzelius.Silicon is the eighth most common element in the universe by mass, but very rarely occurs as the pure element in the Earths crust.It is most widely distributed in dusts, sands, planetoids, and planets as various forms of silicon dioxide silica or silicates.Over 9.Earths crust is composed of silicate minerals, making silicon the second most abundant element in the Earths crust about 2.The outer electron orbital of silicon, like that of carbon, has four valence electrons.The 1s, 2s, 2p and 3s subshells are completely filled while the 3p subshell contains two electrons out of a possible six.Silicon is a semiconductor.It has a negative temperature coefficient of resistance, since the number of free charge carriers increases with temperature.The electrical resistance of single crystal silicon significantly changes under the application of mechanical stress due to the piezoresistive effect.Heavily boron doped silicon is a type II superconductor with a transition temperature Tc of 0.K.Silicon in its more common crystalline form was not prepared until 3.Deville.By electrolyzing a mixture of sodium chloride and aluminium chloride containing approximately 1.Later, more cost effective methods have been developed to isolate several allotrope forms, the most recent being silicene.Because silicon is an important element in high technology semiconductor devices, many places in the world bear its name.For example, Santa Clara Valley in California acquired the nickname Silicon Valley since the element is the base material used in the semiconductor industry located there.Free Mac Focus Stacking Software Mac '>Free Mac Focus Stacking Software Mac .Other locations have been nicknamed for similar reasons, including Silicon Forest in Oregon, Silicon Hills in Austin, Texas, Silicon Slopes in Salt Lake City, Utah, Silicon Saxony in Germany, Silicon Valley in India, Silicon Border in Mexicali, Mexico, Silicon Fen in Cambridge, England, Silicon Roundabout in London, Silicon Glen in Scotland, and Silicon Gorge in Bristol, England.Toontrack N Y Studios Vol 3 Sdx Aj Cook' title='Toontrack N Y Studios Vol 3 Sdx Aj Cook' />
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